Characterization of microcrystalline cellulose from fast-growing species Artocarpus elasticus
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Published:
Apr 23, 2021
Keywords:
cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, fast-growing species, crystallinity index, Artocarpus elasticus
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Abstract
Microcrystalline cellulose is an important derivative of cellulosic material obtained from wood and non-wood sources, and is used for pharmaceutical, food, cosmetics, and other industries. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of various hydrochloric acid concentrations on the characteristics of cellulose microcrystals isolated from terap wood (Artocarpus elasticus). The microcrystalline cellulose was hydrolyzed using hydrochloric acid, at concentrations of 1.5 N, 2.5 N, and 3.5 N for 15 minutes, and within a temperature range of 100-105o C. Thesamples were then analyzed for changes in color and functional groups with Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), while crystallinity index was evaluated through X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (X-RDF). The FTIR results showed similarity with commercial products, while X-Ray Diffraction confirms the highest crystallinity index in the 2.5 N of cellulose I (69.395 %) and cellulose II (82.73 %).
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How to Cite
Sunardi, S., Istikowati, W. T., Norhidayah, N., Ariyani, D., & Kamari, A. (2021). Characterization of microcrystalline cellulose from fast-growing species Artocarpus elasticus. Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability, 5(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.22515/sustinere.jes.v5i1.156
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References
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Istikowati, W. T., Aiso, H., Sunardi, Sutiya, B., Ishiguri, F., Ohshima, J., Iizuka, K., & Yokota, S. (2016). Wood, Chemical, and Pulp Properties of Woods from Less-Utilized Fast-Growing Tree Species Found in Naturally Regenerated Secondary Forest in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 36(4), 250-258. doi:10.1080/02773813.2015.1124121
Istikowati, W. T., Ishiguri, F., Aiso, H., Hidayati, F., Tanabe, J., Iizuka, K., Sutiya, B., Wahyudi, I., & Yokota, S. (2014). Physical and Mechanical Properties of Woods from Three Native Fast-Growing Species in a Secondary Forest in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Forest Products Journal, 64(1-2), 48-54. doi:10.13073/fpj-d-13-00069
Klemm, D., Philipp, B., Heinze, T., Heinze, U., & Wagenknecht, W. (1998). Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry: Wiley.
Naduparambath, S., & Purushothaman, E. (2016). Sago Seed Shell: Determination of the Composition and Isolation of Microcrystalline Cellulose (Mcc). Cellulose, 23(3), 1803-1812.
Nawangsari, D. (2019). Isolasi Dan Karakterisasi Selulosa Mikrokristal Dari Ampas Tebu (Saccharum Officinarum L.). Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 16(2), 67-72. doi:10.23917/pharmacon.v16i2.9150
Nelson, M. L., & O'Connor, R. T. (1964). Relation of Certain Infrared Bands to Cellulose Crystallinity and Crystal Latticed Type. Part I. Spectra of Lattice Types I, Ii, Iii and of Amorphous Cellulose. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 8(3), 1311-1324. doi:10.1002/app.1964.070080322
Segal, L., Creely, J. J., Martin, A. E., & Conrad, C. M. (1959). An Empirical Method for Estimating the Degree of Crystallinity of Native Cellulose Using the X-Ray Diffractometer. Textile Research Journal, 29(10), 786-794. doi:10.1177/004051755902901003
Steven, Mardiyati, & Suratman, R. (2014). Pembuatan Mikrokristalin Selulosa Rotan Manau (Calamus Manan Sp.) Serta Karakterisasinya. JURNAL SELULOSA, 4(02). doi:10.25269/jsel.v4i02.84
Sumiati, M., Wahyuni, D., & Baraâ, M. (2016). Analisis Hubungan Konsentrasi Asam Saat Hidrolisis, Derajat Kristalinitas Dan Sifat Mekanis Selulosa Kristalin Dari Serbuk Gergaji Kayu. PRISMA FISIKA, 4(2), 64-68.
Sunardi, Istikowati, W. T., & Sari, D. I. (2019). Extraction of Α-Cellulose from Eleocharis Dulcis Holocellulose Using Naoh and Koh. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1397, 012031. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1397/1/012031
Sunardi, S., Istikowati, W. T., Ishiguri, F., & Yokota, S. (2018). Ftir Spectroscopy and Color Change of Wood for Assessment and Monitoring of Softwood Degradation by White-Rot Fungus Porodaedalea Pini. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5064984
Trache, D., Hussin, M. H., Hui Chuin, C. T., Sabar, S., Fazita, M. R. N., Taiwo, O. F. A., Hassan, T. M., & Haafiz, M. K. M. (2016). Microcrystalline Cellulose: Isolation, Characterization and Bio-Composites Application—a Review. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 93, 789-804. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.09.056
Xiang, L. Y., P. Mohammed, M. A., & Samsu Baharuddin, A. (2016). Characterisation of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Oil Palm Fibres for Food Applications. Carbohydrate Polymers, 148, 11-20. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.04.055
Zulharmita, Z., Dewi, S., & Mahyuddin, M. (2017). Pembuatan Mikrokristalin Selulosa Dari Ampas Tebu (Saccharum Officinarum L.). Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Farmasi, 17, 158-163.