Remediation of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in Sea Water by Skeletonema costatum
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Published:
Dec 29, 2017
Keywords:
Remediation, Pb (II), Cd (II), Skeletonema costatum
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Abstract
The heavy metals that polluted sea water can end up polluting fish pond too. Hence, it is necessary to remove the heavy metals before sea water enters the fish pond. The aim of this study was to know the growth, remediation ability, and the highest of removal efficiency of marine diatom Skeletonema costatum in the lead (Pb(II)) and cadmium (Cd(II)) solution. This study used 3 x 4 factorial design, i.e. concentrations of the cell inoculation (5000 cells mL-1; 10000 cells mL-1; and 15000 cells mL-1) and concentrations of Pb(II) and Cd(II) (0; 0.5; 1; and 2 ppm), replicated five times. During five day exposure time, the cell density was observed daily using a microscope (400X), while filtrate of media was analyzed using AAS. The result showed that S. costatum could grow in Pb(II) and Cd(II) at 2 ppm, and could remediate Pb(II) and Cd(II) at 2 ppm. The highest removal efficiency of marine diatom S. costatum in Pb(II) solution was 80.5% (5000 cells mL-1 at 2 ppm on the first day), and in Cd(II) solution was 80% (15000 cells mL-1 at 0.5 ppm on the fifth day).
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How to Cite
Soedarti, T., Surtiningsih, T., Hariyanto, S., & Kuncoro, E. P. (2017). Remediation of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in Sea Water by Skeletonema costatum. Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability, 1(2), 84–93. https://doi.org/10.22515/sustinere.jes.v1i2.19
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References
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Waldichuck, M. (1974). Some Biological Concern in Metals Pollution. In V. John & W. B. Vernberg (Eds.), Pollution and physiology of marine organisms. London: Academic Press.
Yusafir, H., Emma, S., & Paulina, T. (2012). Biosorpsi Campuran Logam Pb2+ dan Zn2+ oleh Chaetoceros calcitrans. Universitas Hasanuddin.
Cleve, P. (1873). Examination of Diatom: Found on The Surface of The Sea of Java. Stockholm: P.A. Norstedt & Soner.
Darmono. (1995). Logam Berat dalam Sistem Biologi Makhluk Hidup. Jakarta: UII Press.
Dyah. (2007). Kadar logam Timbal (Pb) dan Kadmium (Cd) pada air laut dan kerang darah. Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya.
Erlina, A., Amini, S., & Endrawati, H. (2004). Kajian Nutritif Phytoplankton Pakan Alami pada Sistem Kultivasi Massal. Jepara: BBPBAP Jepara.
Fauziah. (2011). Efektivitas Penyerapan Logam Kromium (Cr IV) dan Kadmium (Cd) oleh Scendesmus dimorphus. Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah.
Garcia-Leston J, Mendez J, Pasaro E, L. B. (2010). Genotoxic effects of lead: an updated review. Environmental International, 36, 623–636. http://doi.org/doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2010.04.011
Gupta, R., Ahuya, P., Khan, S., Saxena, R. K., & Mohapatara, H. (2000). Microbial Biosorbent: Meeting Challenges of Heavy Metal Pollution in Aqueous Solution. Current Science, 78, 967–973.
Jamil, K. (2001). Bioindicators and Biomarkers of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment. Enfield: Science publishers inc.
KemenLH. Lampiran III: Baku Mutu Air Laut untuk Biota in Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 51 Tahun 2004 Tentang Baku Mutu Air Laut (2004). Indonesia. Retrieved from http://www.ppk-kp3k.kkp.go.id/
Knauer, K., Behra, R., & Sigg, L. (1997). Adsorption and uptake of copper by the green alga Scenedesmus subspicatus (Chlorophyta). Journal of Phycology, 33(4), 596–601.
Leonard, R. (2014). Studi Perbandingan Kemampuan Skeletonema sp. dan Chaetoceros sp. Sebagai Agen Bioremediasi (Fito-Akumulasi) Terhadap Logam Timbal (Pb). Universitas Airlangga.
Nassiri, Y., Mansot, J. L., Wéry, J., Ginsburger-Vogel, T., & Amiard, J. C. (1997). Ultrastructural and electron energy loss spectroscopy studies of sequestration mechanisms of Cd and Cu in the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 33(2), 147–155. http://doi.org/10.1007/s002449900236
Palar, H. (2004). Pencemaran dan Toksikologi Logam Berat. Yogyakarta: PT Rineka Cipta.
Perales-Vela, H. V., Pena-Castro, J., & Canizares-Villanueva, R. O. (2006). Heavy metal detoxification in eukaryotic microalgae. Chemosphere, 64, 1–10.
Peraturan Pemerintah Indonesia No. 19 Tahun 1999 (1999). Retrieved from http://rulebook-jica.ekon.go.id/ english/27.PP_NUMBER 7 OF 1999.eng.htm
Sembiring, Z., Buhani, & Suharso. (2009). Isoterm Adsorpsi Ion Pb(II), Cu (II), dan Cd(II) pada Biomassa Nannochloropsis sp. yang Dienkapsulasi Akuagel Silika. Universitas Lampung.
Shaw, A. (1989). Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants: Evolutionary aspects. Boca Raton: FL: CRC Press Inc.
Slamet, J. S. (1996). Kesehatan Lingkungan. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Soedarti, T., Indira, P., & Surtiningsih, T. (2009). Studi Perbandingan Pertumbuhan Beberapa Jenis Diatom Laut dalam Berbagai Media. In Seminar Nasional Biologi. Malang: UIN Malang.
Soedarti, T., Mahendra, & Surtiningsih, T. (2005). Kultur Diatom Laut Coscinodiscus sp Dalam Berbagai Media. In Konggres Ikatan Sarjana Oseanologi Indonesia. Surabaya: Universitas Hang Tuah.
Suhendrayatna. (2012). Heavy Metal Bioremoval by Microorganisms in A Literature Study. Retrieved May 3, 2012, from http://www.istecs.org/Publication/Japan/010211_suhendrayatna.pdf/2011
Sumiyani, R., S, S., & M, A. (2005). Kadar logam Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, dan Pb dalam air sungai, air laut, Pantai Kenjeran Surabaya. In Simposium Nasional ke- 2 Hasil Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bidang Kesehatan, 7-8 Desember 2005.
Waldichuck, M. (1974). Some Biological Concern in Metals Pollution. In V. John & W. B. Vernberg (Eds.), Pollution and physiology of marine organisms. London: Academic Press.
Yusafir, H., Emma, S., & Paulina, T. (2012). Biosorpsi Campuran Logam Pb2+ dan Zn2+ oleh Chaetoceros calcitrans. Universitas Hasanuddin.