Isolation and characterization of lignocellulolytic microbes from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB)
Article Sidebar
Published:
Jun 1, 2017
Keywords:
Lignocellulose, lignocellulases, microbe characterization, oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB)
Main Article Content
Abstract
Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) is one of the major by-products of palm oil production. This lignocellulosic biomass is commonly used as a fertilizer at oil palm plantations. Unfortunately, the composting process of EFB is very slow. This study aimed to identify potential lignocellulosic microbes isolated from EFB. This information is essential for improving EFB biodegradation process by reducing the decomposition time. Samples of approximately 6, 12, and 24-month-old EFB were obtained from two palm oil mills in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The isolation of lignocellulytic microbes utilized selective medium cellulose congo red agar (CCRA) while its characterization used lignin agar (LgA) and oil palm empty fruit bunches agar (EFBCRA). As much as 430 isolates were successfully collected and 12 of them exhibited promising capability to synthesize lignocellulolytic enzyme, the key for FEB degradation.
Article Details
How to Cite
Ariana, A., & Candra, K. P. (2017). Isolation and characterization of lignocellulolytic microbes from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.22515/sustinere.jes.v10i23.2
Section
Articles
References
Andayani, R. (2011). Pembuatan Bioetanol dari Tandon Kosong Kelapa Sawit Melalui Proses Fungal Treatment oleh Aspergillus niger dan Fermentasi oleh Zygomonas mobilis. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
Atlas, R. M., & Bartha, R. (1986). Microbial ecology: fundamentals and applications. Menlo Park: Benjamin-Cummings Pub. Co.
Azizah, S. N., Muzakhar, K., & Arimurti, S. (2014). Screening of Cellulolytic bacteria from Vermicomposting Empty Fruit Bunch of Palm Oil. Berkala Sainstek, 2(1), 26–30.
Baharuddin, A. S., Kazunori, N., Abd-Aziz, S., Tabatabaei, M., Abdul Rahman, N. A., Hassan, M. A., … Shirai, Y. (2009). Characteristics and Microbial Succession in Co-Composting of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and Partially Treated Palm Oil Mill Effluent. The Open Biotechnology Journal, 3(1), 87–95. http://doi.org/10.2174/1874070700903010087
Goenadi, H. D., & Away, Y. (1993). Seleksi dan Isolasi Fungi Pelapuk Putih dari TKKS. Menara Perkebunan, 63, 88–101.
Gunam, I. bagus W., Buda, K., & Guna, I. M. Y. S. (2010). Pengaruh perlakuan delignifikasi dengan NaOH dan konsentrasi substrat jerami padi terhadap produksi enzim selulase dari aspergillus niger NRRL-AII, 264. Jurnal Biologi, 14(2), 55–61.
Gusmawartati. (1999). Pengaruh Pemberian Mikroorganisme Selulolitik dan Kotoran Ayam Terhadap Dekomposisi Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit. Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Hatakka, A. (2005). Biodegradation of lignin. In Biopolimers Online.
Isroi, Millati, R., Syamsiah, S., Niklasson, C., Cahyanto, M. N., Lundquist, K., & Taherzadeh, M. J. (2011). Biological pretreatment of lignocelluloses with white-rot fungi and its applications: A review. BioResources, 6(4), 5224–5259. http://doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.4.5224-5259
Kausar, H., Sariah, M., Ismail, M. R., Saud, H. M., & Habib, S. H. (2012). Development of a potential lignocellulolytic resource for rapid bioconversion of rice straw. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(38), 9235–9242. http://doi.org/10.5897/AJB10.212
Kuhad, R. C., Kuhar, S., Kapoor, M., Sharma, K. K., & Singh, A. (2007). Lignocellulolytic microorganisms, their enzymes and possible biotechnologies based on lignocellulolytic microorganisms and their enzymes. In R. C. Kuhad & A. Singh (Eds.), Lignocellulose Biotechnology: Future Prospects. New Delhi: IK International Pvt Ltd, 3-22.
Kumar, P., Barret, D. M., Delwiche, M. J., & Stroeve, P. (2009). Methods for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for efficient hydrolysis and biofuel production. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 48(8), 3713–3729.
Kurakake, M., Ide, N., & Komaki, T. (2007). Biological pretreatment with two bacterial strains for enzymatic hydrolysis of office paper. Current Microbiology, 54(6), 424–428. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-006-0568-6
Meryandini, A., Widosari, W., Maranatha, B., Sunarti, T. C., Rachmania, N., & Satria, H. (2009). Isolasi bakteri selulolitik dan karakterisasi enzimnya. Makara Sains, 13(1), 33–38. http://doi.org/10.7454/mss.v13i1.369
Mukhlis, Mohd Saud, H., Sariah, M., Razi Ismail, M., Habib, S. H., & Kausar, H. (2013). Potential lignocellulolytic Trichoderma for bioconversion of oil palm empty fruit bunches. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(3), 425–431.
Oktavia, B. (2010). Kajian Kekayaan Bakteri Indigenous Indonesia untuk Boremidiasi Limbah. Yogyakarta: Jurusan Pendidikan Biologi, Universitas Negeri Yokyakarta.
Pérez, J., Muñoz-Dorado, J., De La Rubia, T., & MartÃnez, J. (2002). Biodegradation and biological treatments of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin: An overview. International Microbiology, 5(2), 53–63. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-002-0062-3
Prihandana, R., & Hendroko, R. (2008). Energi Hijau: Pilihan Bijak Menuju Negeri Mandiri Energi. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya.
Risna, R. A., & Suhirman. (2002). Ligninolytic enzyme production by Polyporaceae from Lombok, Indonesia. Fungal Diversity, 9, 123–134.
Suriadikarta, D. A., Simanungkalit, R. D. M., Saraswati, R., Setyorini, D., & Hartatik, W. (2006). Pupuk Organik dan Pupuk Hayati. Bogor: Balai Besar Litbang Sumber Daya Lahan Pertanian.
Taherzadeh, M. J., & Karimi, K. (2007). Enzyme-based hydrolysis processes for ethanol from lignocellulosic materials: A review. BioResources, 2(4), 707–738. http://doi.org/10.15376/BIORES.2.3.472-499
Tristianti, S. Y., Sarjono, P. R., & Mulyani, N. S. (2013). Aktivitas Fusarium oxyporum dalam menghidrolisis enceng gondok (eichhornia crassipes) dengan variasi waktu fermentasi. Chem Info, 1(1), 265–273.
Urairuj, C., Khanongnuch, C., & Lumyong, S. (2003). Ligninolytic enzymes from tropical endophytic Xylariaceae. Fungal Diversity, 13(June 2015), 209–219. Retrieved from http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-2342445666&partnerID=40&rel=R7.0.0
Wahyuni, M. (2008). Laju Dekomposisi Aerob dan Mutu Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dengan Penambahan Mikroorganisme Selulolitik, Amandemen dan Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit. Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Zverlov, V. V., Höll, W., & Schwarz, W. H. (2003). Enzymes for digestion of cellulose and other polysaccharides in the gut of longhorn beetle larvae, Rhagium inquisitor L. (Col., Cerambycidae). International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 51(3), 175–179. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0964-8305(02)00139-7
Atlas, R. M., & Bartha, R. (1986). Microbial ecology: fundamentals and applications. Menlo Park: Benjamin-Cummings Pub. Co.
Azizah, S. N., Muzakhar, K., & Arimurti, S. (2014). Screening of Cellulolytic bacteria from Vermicomposting Empty Fruit Bunch of Palm Oil. Berkala Sainstek, 2(1), 26–30.
Baharuddin, A. S., Kazunori, N., Abd-Aziz, S., Tabatabaei, M., Abdul Rahman, N. A., Hassan, M. A., … Shirai, Y. (2009). Characteristics and Microbial Succession in Co-Composting of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and Partially Treated Palm Oil Mill Effluent. The Open Biotechnology Journal, 3(1), 87–95. http://doi.org/10.2174/1874070700903010087
Goenadi, H. D., & Away, Y. (1993). Seleksi dan Isolasi Fungi Pelapuk Putih dari TKKS. Menara Perkebunan, 63, 88–101.
Gunam, I. bagus W., Buda, K., & Guna, I. M. Y. S. (2010). Pengaruh perlakuan delignifikasi dengan NaOH dan konsentrasi substrat jerami padi terhadap produksi enzim selulase dari aspergillus niger NRRL-AII, 264. Jurnal Biologi, 14(2), 55–61.
Gusmawartati. (1999). Pengaruh Pemberian Mikroorganisme Selulolitik dan Kotoran Ayam Terhadap Dekomposisi Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit. Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Hatakka, A. (2005). Biodegradation of lignin. In Biopolimers Online.
Isroi, Millati, R., Syamsiah, S., Niklasson, C., Cahyanto, M. N., Lundquist, K., & Taherzadeh, M. J. (2011). Biological pretreatment of lignocelluloses with white-rot fungi and its applications: A review. BioResources, 6(4), 5224–5259. http://doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.4.5224-5259
Kausar, H., Sariah, M., Ismail, M. R., Saud, H. M., & Habib, S. H. (2012). Development of a potential lignocellulolytic resource for rapid bioconversion of rice straw. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(38), 9235–9242. http://doi.org/10.5897/AJB10.212
Kuhad, R. C., Kuhar, S., Kapoor, M., Sharma, K. K., & Singh, A. (2007). Lignocellulolytic microorganisms, their enzymes and possible biotechnologies based on lignocellulolytic microorganisms and their enzymes. In R. C. Kuhad & A. Singh (Eds.), Lignocellulose Biotechnology: Future Prospects. New Delhi: IK International Pvt Ltd, 3-22.
Kumar, P., Barret, D. M., Delwiche, M. J., & Stroeve, P. (2009). Methods for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for efficient hydrolysis and biofuel production. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 48(8), 3713–3729.
Kurakake, M., Ide, N., & Komaki, T. (2007). Biological pretreatment with two bacterial strains for enzymatic hydrolysis of office paper. Current Microbiology, 54(6), 424–428. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-006-0568-6
Meryandini, A., Widosari, W., Maranatha, B., Sunarti, T. C., Rachmania, N., & Satria, H. (2009). Isolasi bakteri selulolitik dan karakterisasi enzimnya. Makara Sains, 13(1), 33–38. http://doi.org/10.7454/mss.v13i1.369
Mukhlis, Mohd Saud, H., Sariah, M., Razi Ismail, M., Habib, S. H., & Kausar, H. (2013). Potential lignocellulolytic Trichoderma for bioconversion of oil palm empty fruit bunches. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(3), 425–431.
Oktavia, B. (2010). Kajian Kekayaan Bakteri Indigenous Indonesia untuk Boremidiasi Limbah. Yogyakarta: Jurusan Pendidikan Biologi, Universitas Negeri Yokyakarta.
Pérez, J., Muñoz-Dorado, J., De La Rubia, T., & MartÃnez, J. (2002). Biodegradation and biological treatments of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin: An overview. International Microbiology, 5(2), 53–63. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-002-0062-3
Prihandana, R., & Hendroko, R. (2008). Energi Hijau: Pilihan Bijak Menuju Negeri Mandiri Energi. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya.
Risna, R. A., & Suhirman. (2002). Ligninolytic enzyme production by Polyporaceae from Lombok, Indonesia. Fungal Diversity, 9, 123–134.
Suriadikarta, D. A., Simanungkalit, R. D. M., Saraswati, R., Setyorini, D., & Hartatik, W. (2006). Pupuk Organik dan Pupuk Hayati. Bogor: Balai Besar Litbang Sumber Daya Lahan Pertanian.
Taherzadeh, M. J., & Karimi, K. (2007). Enzyme-based hydrolysis processes for ethanol from lignocellulosic materials: A review. BioResources, 2(4), 707–738. http://doi.org/10.15376/BIORES.2.3.472-499
Tristianti, S. Y., Sarjono, P. R., & Mulyani, N. S. (2013). Aktivitas Fusarium oxyporum dalam menghidrolisis enceng gondok (eichhornia crassipes) dengan variasi waktu fermentasi. Chem Info, 1(1), 265–273.
Urairuj, C., Khanongnuch, C., & Lumyong, S. (2003). Ligninolytic enzymes from tropical endophytic Xylariaceae. Fungal Diversity, 13(June 2015), 209–219. Retrieved from http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-2342445666&partnerID=40&rel=R7.0.0
Wahyuni, M. (2008). Laju Dekomposisi Aerob dan Mutu Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dengan Penambahan Mikroorganisme Selulolitik, Amandemen dan Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit. Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Zverlov, V. V., Höll, W., & Schwarz, W. H. (2003). Enzymes for digestion of cellulose and other polysaccharides in the gut of longhorn beetle larvae, Rhagium inquisitor L. (Col., Cerambycidae). International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 51(3), 175–179. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0964-8305(02)00139-7